Adaptive Reuse is the process of repurposing an existing building for a different use, rather than constructing a new one. The possibilities of these conversions are endless. Factories and warehouses can be turned into residential or mixed-use spaces. Old churches can become community centers, event spaces or restaurants. But what we’re seeing most commonly in the industry lately is the conversion of urban commercial buildings into modern apartment complexes.
5 Questions
to Ask When Considering Adaptive Reuse

This trend is owed to several factors. Because Adaptive Reuse leverages an existing structure, it eliminates some steps of the construction process, presenting a variety of benefits to project owners and developers. These conversion projects are often more cost-efficient, less logistically cumbersome, and more sustainable than traditional new builds. They are also a key component in many urban revitalization initiatives.
“You’re taking an office building that might have 75 percent occupancy — or less in the post-COVID era — and turning it into residential space for 300 or more people,” HGC Construction Vice President Jake Suer says. “That’s only going to help the downtown businesses, restaurants, parks and museums and create a vibrant downtown environment.”
An increased emphasis on greener living is another contributing factor.
“In these dense urban spaces, many residential buildings don’t have the standard 1:1 parking ratios, so you’ll see a lot of these residents using public transportation, scooters or walking to get around,” Suer adds. “It’s a much greener, more sustainable concept of living, working and playing downtown.”
Adaptive Reuse can be an ideal solution for some developments, but it’s important to consider multiple factors before deciding whether to pursue it. Here are five questions to ask when considering Adaptive Reuse for your next project.
What do I want this space to become?
Knowing what you ultimately want to use the building for is the first step in deciding whether Adaptive Reuse is going to be the right approach. For example, if the intention is to convert it into a residential building, will the units be studios and apartments or two- and three-bedroom condos?
“There’s a big difference in development depending on what you decide in that regard,” Suer says.
Is the existing floor plan conducive to my vision?
Once you know what you’d like to create, you need to determine if the existing layout supports that vision. Does this plan work for the conversion? Are the stairs and the elevators in the right place? Floor-to-ceiling heights and window placement are additional factors that will have a major impact on the potential design.
“These are the big-picture, high-dollar questions you need to answer up front,” Suer says.
MEPF is the next set of considerations, all of which should be discussed with the broader team consisting of the owner or developer, architect, and construction manager. (HGC Construction provides both Construction Management and Design Build capabilities to fit our customers’ unique needs.) Collaboration throughout any project is crucial, Suer adds.
Should I pursue LEED certification?
Adaptive Reuse spaces are excellent candidates for LEED certification because they reduce the need for new materials and can be outfitted to meet the latest green-energy standards during renovations. LEED certification is a great way to secure financial incentives while supporting energy efficiency and overall sustainability goals. Significant tax abatements are often available for achieving certain levels of LEED certification.
Should I pursue Historic Preservation instead?
Historic Preservation is a specific type of construction where landmark buildings are restored or renovated specifically to preserve their historical significance. An example would be our work restoring Cincinnati’s Taft Museum of Art, a 200-year-old building housing priceless artwork. But because Adaptive Reuse also involves old buildings, there can be crossover between the two specialities. And Historic Preservation tax credits are often awarded to Adaptive Reuse projects. To qualify, a building must be at least 50 years old. Due to the stringent nature of the application process, it’s important to explore this option early and make key decisions well in advance of your state’s tax credit deadlines.
Can Adaptive Reuse help me get to market faster?
Because Adaptive Reuse projects utilize an existing structure, this eliminates several layers of steps in areas such as zoning, permitting and design, saving valuable time during the Preconstruction process.
“If you can make your program work around the current structure, that gets you to market much quicker,” Suer says.
Considering core questions like those discussed above is crucial, but it’s also important to remember that no renovation or Adaptive Reuse project is the same.
“You have to think creatively about access, logistics, site management,” Suer says. “Every project requires a different level of creative thinking and problem solving.”
A trusted construction partner can help you determine which approach is best for your project, weigh financial and logistical considerations, and bring your vision to life.
HGC Construction is a trusted construction partner with a century-old legacy. We specialize in construction management, design build, specialty trades, historic preservation, new construction, and restorations. We build at all levels of complexity, across unique and diverse market segments. Our capabilities are defined not only by what we do but by how we do it. Our solutions-oriented approach is backed by grit, integrity and an unrelenting commitment to do it right. Discover how we leverage unparalleled expertise and creative problem solving to bring visions to life. Contact us for more.